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Computed tomography scanners were utilized to quantitate, by Hounsfield unit (HU)
densities, normal and abnormal cerebral gray and white matter compartments and their
perfusion values, among patients with probable dementia of ischemic vascular (IVD:
n= 10,72.7 ± 9.0 years) and Alzheimer's types (DAT: n = 10, 72.7 ± 5.8 years). Results
were compared with similar measures among age-matched normal volunteers (n = 10, 71.0
± 8.2 years). “Normal” HU values for gray and white matter were previously obtained
among younger normal volunteers (n = 27, 49.7 ± 8.9). After adjusting for cerebral
atrophy, IVD patients showed reduced HU and cerebral blood flow (CBF) values in white
matter, but gray matter HU values were only reduced in frontotemporal cortex. In DAT,
mean HU and CBF values for cortical and subcortical gray matter were severely reduced
compared with age-matched normal and with IVD patients. Cognitive test performance
correlated directly with volumes of hypodense cortex or “polio-araiosis” in DAT, but
not in IVD, in which cognitive performance correlated directly with volumes of leuko-araiosis.
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© 1993 Published by Elsevier Inc.
