Background
The development of cerebral infarction after transient ischemia is attributed to postischemic
delayed hypoperfusion in the microvascular region. In the present study, we assessed
the microvascular perfusion capacity of infused liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH)
in a therapeutic approach for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).
Methods
Two-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion rats were immediately subjected to intra-arterial
infusion of LEH (LEH group) or saline (vehicle group) or no treatment (control group),
and then to recanalization. Neurological findings, infarct and edema progression,
microvascular endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory reactions were compared between
the 3 groups after 24 hours of reperfusion. Microvascular perfusion in the early phase
of reperfusion was evaluated by hemoglobin immunohistochemistry and transmission electron
microscopy.
Results
The LEH group achieved significantly better results in all items evaluated than the
other groups. Hemoglobin immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of hemoglobin-positive
microvessels was significantly greater in the LEH group than in the other groups (P < .01), with microvascular perfusion being more likely in narrow microvessels (≤5 µm
in diameter). An electron microscopic examination revealed that microvessels in the
control group were compressed and narrowed by swollen astrocyte end-feet, whereas
those in the LEH group had a less deformed appearance and contained LEH particles
and erythrocytes.
Conclusion
The results of the present study demonstrated that the infusion of LEH reduced infarctions
after tMCAO with more hemoglobin-positive and less deformed microvessels at the early
phase of reperfusion, suggesting that the superiority of the microvascular perfusion
of LEH mediates its neuroprotective effects.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 23, 2017
Accepted:
July 25,
2017
Received in revised form:
July 20,
2017
Received:
May 18,
2017
Identification
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.07.026
Copyright
© 2017 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
