Background and Purpose
Genetic factors are closely involved in the etiology of moyamoya disease (MMD). However,
its postgenomic mechanisms are still unknown. This study was aimed to identify specific
biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with MMD, using quantitative
proteome technique.
Methods
This study included 10 patients with MMD and 4 controls. The CSF was collected without
blood contamination during surgery. A comparative 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis
study (2D-PAGE) was performed. Protein spots that showed significant differences between
moyamoya patients and controls were selected for further analysis by mass spectrometry.
Results
On 2D-PAGE, 2 proteins were significantly upregulated, and 2 other proteins were downregulated
in the CSF of MMD. Further mass spectrometry analysis revealed that haptoglobin and
α-1-B-glycoprotein (A1BG) were upregulated. On the other hand, apolipoprotein-E (apoE),
apoE precursor, and apolipoprotein-J (apoJ) were significantly downregulated in the
CSF of MMD. The observed probability-based MOWSE score was 72 for haptoglobin (P < .05), 521 for A1BG (P < .05), 62 for apoE (P < .05), 72 for apoE precursor (P < .05), and 112 for apoJ (P < .05).
Conclusion
Although the role of A1BG in the central nervous system is still unknown, the overexpressed
haptoglobin may indicate the inflammation and/or angiogenesis in MMD. The downregulation
of apoE and apoJ strongly suggests a critical role of lipid metabolism in the development
and progression of MMD. These proteins may be novel biomarkers in shedding light on
the pathogenesis of MMD, although further studies would be warranted.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 23, 2017
Accepted:
July 25,
2017
Received in revised form:
July 18,
2017
Received:
June 22,
2017
Footnotes
Grant support: This study was supported by a grant from the Research Committee on Moyamoya Disease, sponsored by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan.
Identification
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.07.028
Copyright
© 2017 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
