Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a well-known risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). On many
of the other potential risk factors, such as smoking, diabetes, and alcohol intake,
results are conflicting. We assessed risk factors of ICH, taking also into account
prior depression and fatigue. Methods: This is a population-based case-control study of 250 primary ICH patients, conducted
in Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. The controls (n = 750) were participants
of the FINRISK study, a large Finnish population survey on risk factors of chronic
noncommunicable diseases, matched with cases by sex and age. Ages were matched in
5-year age bands. However, as the oldest FINRISK participants were 74-year-olds, controls
for the age group 75-84 were selected from the age group of 70-74 years. Patients
aged greater than or equal to 85 years were excluded. Patients and controls were compared
in univariate analyses. The age categories less than 70, and greater than or equal
to 70 years were also analyzed separately. Binary logistic regression analysis was
performed for variables with P less than .1 in univariate analysis. Results: Analyzing all cases and controls, the cases had more hypertension, history of heart
attack, lipid-lowering medication, and reported more frequently fatigue prior to ICH.
In persons aged less than 70 years, hypertension and fatigue were more common among
cases. In persons aged greater than or equal to 70 years, factors associated with
risk of ICH were fatigue prior to ICH, use of lipid-lowering medication, and overweight.
Conclusions: Hypertension was associated with risk of ICH among all patients and in the group
of patients under 70 years. Fatigue prior to ICH was more common among all ICH cases.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 17, 2020
Accepted:
December 22,
2019
Received in revised form:
November 24,
2019
Received:
September 9,
2019
Footnotes
Grant support: This work was supported by the Finnish Governmental subsidiary grant (VTR), and grants from Maire Taponen Foundation, The Finnish Medical Foundation, and Biomedicum Foundation. V.S. was supported by the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research.
Identification
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104630
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
