Abstract
Objectives
Neuroinflammation and secondary injury play a central role in the pathophysiology
of intracerebral hemorrhage. The dual endothelin-1/VEGFsignal-peptide receptor (DEspR)
has been reported to mediate the inflammatory response after acute brain injury in
a rodent model. We performed a pilot study to assess the expression of DEspR on circulating
leukocytes in patients who presented with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
Materials and methods
We performed a prospective observational study of patients presenting to two academic
medical centers with ICH. Normal healthy volunteers (NHV) were also recruited for
sample analysis. Whole blood was obtained, and flow cytometry was performed to examine
DEspR expression on neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes.
Results
A total of 19 patients were included in analysis. Median ICH volume was 39 cm3 [IQR 19 cm3, 73 cm3] and median ICH score was 2 [IQR 2, 3]. DEspR expression was more abundant on neutrophils
(median 2.4% [IQR 0.5%, 5.8%], p = 0.0064) and monocytes (median 4.4% [IQR 1.7%, 15.8%], p = 0.003) relative to lymphocytes (median 0.9% [IQR 0.2%, 3.3%]). ICH patients had
higher DEspR expression in all leukocytes relative to NHV (p < 0.05 for all). Among ICH patients, those with a medical history of hypertension
showed higher DEspR expression on neutrophils and monocytes (p = 0.018) compared to those without hypertension.
Conclusions
In this pilot study, DEspR is expressed on circulating neutrophils and monocytes in
humans after ICH, with higher levels of expression in those with hypertension. Future
work in larger cohorts should examine the relationship of DEspR expression with neuroinflammatory
endpoints and long-term outcome.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 01, 2022
Accepted:
July 24,
2022
Received:
March 16,
2022
Identification
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106685
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
