Abstract
Objectives
White matter hypodensities (WMH), a surrogate of small vessel disease, associate with
cognitive decline and stroke risk. The impact of WMH on functional outcome after intracerebral
hemorrhage (ICH) has differed between studies. We aimed to examine factors associated
with the severity of WMH in ICH, and whether there is an independent association between
the extent of WMH and outcome.
Materials and methods
This was a prospective study of consented patients with non-traumatic primary ICH,
admitted to the Helsinki University Hospital between May 2014 and December 2018. To
evaluate the extent of the WMH, modified van Swieten score of the side contralateral
to the ICH was obtained. Patients were grouped into 3 categories of the scores. We
performed univariate and multivariable analyses to find out factors associated with
the severity of WMH, and whether WMH associate with functional outcome and mortality
up to 12 months, adjusted for the known major outcome predictors.
Results
In our cohort of 417 ICH patients, WMH severity associated with older age, female
sex, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) points, and signs
of previous ischemic stroke on CT. We found an independent association between WMH
severity and poor functional outcome at 3 months (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.27-2.33), and
1 year (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.57-2.95), and mortality at 1 year (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29-2.85).
Conclusions
In our ICH patients, vascular comorbidities and older age associated with the presence
of WMH, which, in turn, strongly associated with poor functional outcome.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 03, 2022
Accepted:
November 27,
2022
Received in revised form:
October 27,
2022
Received:
August 31,
2022
Footnotes
Grant support: This study was supported by the Helsinki University Hospital Research Funds, and grants from Maire Taponen Foundation, Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation, and The Finnish Medical Foundation (Hanne Sallinen). Marjaana Tianen has received speaker honoraria from Sanofi Genzyme. The other authors do not have disclosures relevant to the manuscript.
Identification
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106919
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
